I. definition
Welding Material: General term for materials consumed during welding (including electrode, wire, flux, shielding gas, electrode, flux, etc.).
Electrode: melting electrode used for arc welding of coated leather. Welding wire: metal wire used as filler metal or conductive at welding time.
Flux: A granular substance that can be melted to form slag (and some gases) during welding and that protects and metallurgizes molten metals. Shielding gas: Used to protect metal droplets, welding pool and high temperature metal in welding process to prevent harmful gas from entering the welding zone.
Electrode: Metal wire (welding wire, electrode), rod (graphite rod, tungsten rod), pipe, plate, etc., used to conduct electric current and melt filler and base metal or itself as filler material. When resistance welding is used, it refers to the metal poles used to transmit electric circuits and transmit pressure.
Flux: Powdery substance used in gas welding to remove oxides formed during welding and improve wettability of molten pool. General principles for selection of welding materials
1. the basic requirements of electrode for welding rod are:
(1) the deposited metal of the electrode should have good mechanical properties.
(2) the deposited metal of the electrode should have prescribed chemical composition to ensure its performance requirements.
(3) the electrode should have good process performance.
(4) the electrode is required to have good resistance to porosity and crack.
(5) the electrode should have good appearance (epidermis) quality.
2. welding rod composition:
The welding rod consists of two parts: the welding core and the medicine skin. The metal core coated by flux skin is the core of the electrode. Its main function is to conduct electricity and form an arc at the end of the electrode. At the same time, the welding core is melted by arc, and then it is cooled to form a deposited metal with certain composition. The coating applied to the surface of the welding rod is called the skin. Its main functions are mechanical protection, metallurgical treatment and improvement of welding process performance.
3. Electrode classification: according to the basicity of slag, it is divided into acidic electrode and alkaline electrode; according to the main composition of the coating, it is divided into titanium type, titanium calcium type, ilmenite type, iron oxide type; according to the usage, it is divided into structural steel electrode (J), molybdenum and chromium-molybdenum heat-resistant steel electrode (R), stainless steel electrode (chromium stainless steel G, chromium-nickel stainless steel A), surfacing. Welding electrode (D), low temperature electrode (W), cast iron electrode (Z), nickel and nickel alloy electrode (Ni), copper and copper alloy electrode (T), aluminum and aluminum alloy electrode (L), special purpose electrode (Ts).
4. Type and brand of electrode: The brand of electrode should include the following meanings: electrode, electrode category, electrode characteristics (such as tensile strength of deposited metal, service temperature, type of core metal, type of chemical composition of deposited metal, etc.), coating type and welding power source.
5. According to GB/T 5117-1995 "Carbon Steel Electrode" and GB/T 5118-1995 "Alloy Steel Electrode", the main structure of the electrode model consists of the letter "E" and four digits. Its structure and meaning are as follows: E X1X2X3X4 E: represents the electrode.
X1X2: electrode series, that is, the minimum tensile strength of deposited metal.
X3: welding position of electrode
X4: type of electrode and types of welding power source